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<DIV dir=ltr align=left>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=594505718-12012008><FONT face=Arial
color=#0000ff size=2>To All:</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=594505718-12012008><FONT face=Arial
color=#0000ff size=2></FONT></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=594505718-12012008><FONT face=Arial
color=#0000ff size=2>I have enjoyed this discussion immensely. I believe
one of our main challenges here is to make sure the policy makers are educated
enough to make these very important and difficult decisions and are not weighing
politics ahead of the state of the practice. It is very easy to do and happens
all too often.</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=594505718-12012008><FONT face=Arial
color=#0000ff size=2></FONT></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=594505718-12012008><FONT face=Arial
color=#0000ff size=2>Perhaps we are attacking this issue at the wrong
level. Rather than lowering seismic buildign codes, we may serve the
public better by working from that point forward in the retrofit process.
We can work smarter and have the local engineering community perform site
specific response analyses for these facilities. I recall having this same
issue come up in the Bay Area in the early to mid 1980's (prior to Mexico City,
Loma Prieta, Northridge, Kobe, etc.). Harry Seed had done great work to
demonstrate the effects of the geotechnical conditions on ground motion
from various causative events. I truly learned a lot from him.
We realized that the site class is used to try to account for this, but
numerous studies indicate that even slight changes in the shear wave velocity of
soils can have a marked change on ground motion. Obviously the code is not
designed to, nor can it account for, these changes. </FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=594505718-12012008><FONT face=Arial
color=#0000ff size=2></FONT></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=594505718-12012008><FONT face=Arial
color=#0000ff size=2>A 110 billion dollar number is a lot of money.
If a small sprinkle of that was used to perform site specific response
analyses combined with modern structural analysis and development of
innovative construction retrofit techniques, I believe the public will be
better served</FONT></SPAN><SPAN class=594505718-12012008><FONT face=Arial
color=#0000ff size=2>. In engineering practice, that is how we have
served our clients and it has given then the biggest bang for the
buck. Having been involved on 60 retrofit bridge projects for Caltrans
in the early 1990's, (also with a very limited budget, given the shear number of
structures and few state dollars) we found that by performing more
sophisticated analyses, the retrofits could range from simple cable
restrainers to brand new foundations and bent structures. I
believe this approach to be much better then spending our time
manipulating the probable magnitude of the events to meet our budget
constraints. </FONT></SPAN><BR></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><FONT
color=#0080c0 size=6>
<P>CDM</P></FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman">
<P><BR></FONT><B><FONT face=Arial size=2>Lawrence P. Goldfarb,
P.E.</B></FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman"><BR></FONT><FONT face=Arial
size=2>Sr. Geotechnical Engineer</FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman"> , Group
Leader</P></FONT><FONT face=Arial size=2>
<P>3130 Fairview Park Drive</FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman"><BR></FONT><FONT
face=Arial size=2>Falls Church, VA 22042-4517</FONT><FONT
face="Times New Roman"><BR></P></FONT><FONT face=Arial size=2>
<P>Phone: (703) 485-8500</P>
<P>Direct: (703) 485-8434</P>
<P>Cell: (703) 408-7282</P>
<P>Fax: (</FONT><FONT face=Arial size=2>703) 698-1250</FONT><FONT face=Arial
size=2><BR></P></FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman"></FONT><FONT face=Arial
size=2>
<P>E-mail: goldfarblp@cdm.com</P></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff
size=2></FONT> </DIV></DIV><BR>
<DIV class=OutlookMessageHeader lang=en-us dir=ltr align=left>
<HR tabIndex=-1>
<FONT face=Tahoma size=2><B>From:</B>
ceus-earthquake-hazards-bounces@geohazards.cr.usgs.gov
[mailto:ceus-earthquake-hazards-bounces@geohazards.cr.usgs.gov] <B>On Behalf Of
</B>Joe Tomasello<BR><B>Sent:</B> Friday, January 11, 2008 2:59 PM<BR><B>To:</B>
'Arthur D Frankel'<BR><B>Cc:</B> 'Seth Stein';
ceus-earthquake-hazards@geohazards.cr.usgs.gov<BR><B>Subject:</B> Re:
[CEUS-earthquake-hazards] The balance<BR></FONT><BR></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV class=Section1>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #1f497d">To
all:<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #1f497d"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #1f497d">In response to
Arts comments:<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #1f497d"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #1f497d">Local policy
makers in Memphis were fully aware of both sides of the argument.
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #1f497d"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #1f497d">We’ve reviewed
a 10 story eccentrically braced system centered in Shelby County and we came to
different conclusions, base shear with 99SBC was less than 03IBC amended with
10%PE (applied force was greater in 99 SBC compared to 03 IBC). Can you share
your calculations with us?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #1f497d"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #1f497d">In my opinion,
the code amendments adopted by local policy makers efficiently address
Memphian’s seismic safety concerns. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #1f497d"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN
style="COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Joseph Tomasello,
PE</SPAN></B><SPAN style="COLOR: #1f497d"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN
style="COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">5880 Ridge Bend
Rd.</SPAN></B><SPAN style="COLOR: #1f497d"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN
style="COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Memphis, TN
38120</SPAN></B><SPAN style="COLOR: #1f497d"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="COLOR: #1f497d"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<DIV
style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: #b5c4df 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 3pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><B><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'">From:</SPAN></B><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'"> Arthur D Frankel
[mailto:afrankel@usgs.gov] <BR><B>Sent:</B> Thursday, January 10, 2008 5:53
PM<BR><B>To:</B> Joe Tomasello<BR><B>Cc:</B>
ceus-earthquake-hazards@geohazards.cr.usgs.gov;
ceus-earthquake-hazards-bounces@geohazards.cr.usgs.gov; 'Seth
Stein'<BR><B>Subject:</B> Re: [CEUS-earthquake-hazards] The
balance<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><o:p> </o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0in; mso-margin-top-alt: 0in"><BR><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Joe,</SPAN>
<BR><BR><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">
Due to your efforts with Seth Stein, the building code in Memphis now
allows for non-essential 10-story buildings to be built to a force level 45%
lower than that stipulated in the Standard Building Code that was used in
Memphis up through 2005. This newly allowed design level is substantially
lower than the median ground motions expected for a repeat of the 1811-12
earthquakes and lower than the intensities reported in Memphis for the 1843
Marked Tree, Arkansas earthquake (magnitude 6). </SPAN><BR><BR><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> So you
succeeded in lowering seismic building codes in Memphis. Perhaps you
would like to make this fact clear to the people living in Memphis and see what
their views on this are. </SPAN> <BR><BR><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">-Art</SPAN>
<BR><BR><BR><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Art
Frankel<BR>U.S. Geological Survey<BR>MS 966, Box 25046<BR>DFC<BR>Denver, CO
80225<BR>phone: 303-273-8556<BR>fax: 303-273-8600<BR>email:
afrankel@usgs.gov</SPAN> <BR><BR><o:p></o:p></P>
<TABLE class=MsoNormalTable style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; WIDTH: 100%"
cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0>
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD
style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; WIDTH: 40.02%; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt"
vAlign=top width="40%">
<P class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 7.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">"Joe
Tomasello" <JT@ReavesFirm.com></SPAN></B><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 7.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">
</SPAN><BR><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 7.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Sent by:
ceus-earthquake-hazards-bounces@geohazards.cr.usgs.gov</SPAN>
<o:p></o:p></P>
<P><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 7.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">01/09/2008
12:51 PM</SPAN> <o:p></o:p></P></TD>
<TD
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<TABLE class=MsoNormalTable style="WIDTH: 100%" cellPadding=0 width="100%"
border=0>
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD
style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt"
vAlign=top>
<P class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: right" align=right><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 7.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">To</SPAN><o:p></o:p></P></TD>
<TD
style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt"
vAlign=top>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 7.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><ceus-earthquake-hazards@geohazards.cr.usgs.gov></SPAN>
<o:p></o:p></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD
style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt"
vAlign=top>
<P class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: right" align=right><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 7.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">cc</SPAN><o:p></o:p></P></TD>
<TD
style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt"
vAlign=top>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 7.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">'Seth
Stein' <seth@earth.northwestern.edu></SPAN>
<o:p></o:p></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD
style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt"
vAlign=top>
<P class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: right" align=right><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 7.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Subject</SPAN><o:p></o:p></P></TD>
<TD
style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt"
vAlign=top>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 7.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">[CEUS-earthquake-hazards]
The balance</SPAN><o:p></o:p></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<P class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></P>
<TABLE class=MsoNormalTable cellPadding=0 border=0>
<TBODY>
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<TD
style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt"
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<TD
style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt"
vAlign=top></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0in; mso-margin-top-alt: 0in"><BR><BR><BR><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Buddy:</SPAN> <BR><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> </SPAN> <BR><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">I’d like
to offer the following for your e-mail discussion group:</SPAN> <BR><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> </SPAN> <BR><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> </SPAN> <BR><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Natural
disasters such as earthquakes create complex situations for policy makers. The
difficulty lies in the balance between the costs of mitigation and the actual
risk. Failing this, policy makers could find themselves dealing with unintended
consequences such as those experienced by the hospital industry in California.
If it’s worth the expense in any one region it would be California; but
looking at the hospital industry in California we don’t see it.</SPAN> <BR><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> </SPAN> <BR><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Earthquake risks in California are, to some degree,
statistically predictable; being a near certainty that a moderate to strong
earthquake will occur somewhere on the west coast during a single generation of
the built environment. California attempted to balance public safety with
mandated seismic mitigation in a knee jerk reaction to the 1994 Northridge
earthquake California’s Legislature passed Senate Bill 1953 (SB 1953). The bill
was an unfunded mandate to retrofit, rebuild, or close; a free lunch for
California taxpayer. However, over the past decade the consequences of the
mandate caused a once sound hospital system transform into one of the nation’s
foremost financial basket cases.</SPAN> <BR><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> </SPAN> <BR><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">As in
California, policy makers in the New Madrid Seismic Zone are led to believe that
earthquake mitigation costs are small, having little effect on the built
environment. California’s mitigation program entails retrofitting all acute care
hospitals or re-building nearly 70 million square feet. The pace of construction
is limited to approximately 1.5 million to 2 million square feet per year due in
large part to the ability of regulatory agencies to keep up. Furthermore it
takes upward of 10 years to design and build a new hospital. “The lengthy
process for review and approval of hospital construction and retrofitting
projects is far too long. Economic growth is being thwarted; jobs are being
lost; and patient safety is being compromised.”</SPAN><A
href="#_edn1"><SUP><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">[i]</SPAN></SUP></A><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> The result is that it will take nearly 30 years
to complete all the construction required by SB 1953. </SPAN><A
href="#_edn2"><SUP><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">[ii]</SPAN></SUP></A><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> The extended deadline is 2013.</SPAN> <BR><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> </SPAN> <BR><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">The size
and scope of most of these projects are very large and expensive.
Compliance could cost California hospitals as much as $110 billion
dollars. The original estimate assumed that the number of patients and the
number of beds would generally remain the same. However, modern design
standards are most effective with facilities 35% to 60% larger</SPAN><A
href="#_edn3"><SUP><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">[iii]</SPAN></SUP></A><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">. Thus, the scope of each construction project will
increase as will the overall cost; perhaps as much as 20%. </SPAN><A
href="#_edn4"><SUP><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">[iv]</SPAN></SUP></A><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> In California construction costs are rising at an
annual rate of more than 14 percent above the Consumer Price Index resulting in
construction costs more than 40 percent higher for comparable facilities in
other states.</SPAN><A href="#_edn5"><SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">[v]</SPAN></SUP></A><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> In my
view this increase is likely to continue do to regulatory oversight, the limited
number of qualified contractors, as well as the annual inflation of material
costs. In California, a fully furnished and equipped acute care facility (labor
and materials) costs $1,000 per square foot. Since the SB 1953 mandates
affect for-profit, non-profit and publicly owned organizations most all projects
will be financed. Depending on the terms of the loan the cost in current
dollars for an acute care facility the square foot cost can exceed $2,800;
comparatively normal office construction in Tennessee is roughly a third the
cost per square foot.</SPAN> <BR><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> </SPAN>
<BR><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Looking at FEMA’s annualized earthquake
losses</SPAN><A href="#_edn6"><SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">[vi]</SPAN></SUP></A><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> we
find the relationship of Cost vs. Benefit even more lopsided. FEMA reports that
California will experience a loss of approximately $3,167.5/$Million of
infrastructure each year as a result of earthquakes. Looking at the same 50 year
period, California can expect to lose approximately 15.8% of the present value
of hospitals. Thus, California’s acute care infrastructure, worth approximately
$48 Billion [my estimate - C. Duane Dauner, President and Chief Executive
Officer, California Healthcare Association, Statement “Heath Care Scene in
California,” May 10, 2001, suggested 24 Billion.], should expect a loss of
approximately $7.6 Billion due to earthquake. We find that California is
spending $110 Billion to offset a loss of $7.6 Billion; a cost benefit
relationship greater than 14. </SPAN>Over the past 10 years, we’ve asked
FEMA for a <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Cost vs. Benefit analysis for the New
Madrid Seismic Zone. So far we haven’t seen anything that would come close
to suggesting that the public would benefit spending limited resources.
</SPAN><BR> <BR><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">There are a more subtle
negative consequences resulting from forcing acute care facilities to close
because they don’t meet mandated requirements. California is experiencing
a critical closure of hospitals with the closure of over 50 hospitals in the 10
year period between 1995 and 2005. More than 3,000 acute care beds have been
removed from service between 2001 and 2005. In the five year period prior (1995
to 1999) 23 hospitals closed. Unfunded mandated seismic requirements are
creating a stampede for funding, usually in the form of bonds. The median
credit ratio of California hospitals had nosed dived to the junk-bond status.
The money needed to retro fit California hospitals is drying up. </SPAN><A
href="#_edn7"><SUP><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">[vii]</SPAN></SUP></A><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> “Nobody can bear the burden [of SB 1953 unfunded
mandate]”</SPAN><A href="#_edn8"><SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">[viii]</SPAN></SUP></A><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">
Here in the New Madrid Seismic Zone we’re told that the cost is minimal.
</SPAN><BR><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> </SPAN> <BR><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">“Seismic upgrades are important. But mandating them
during the worst economic time in the history of California hospitals is like
ordering a homeowner to fix a dilapidated porch on a house that's on fire. Right
idea. Wrong time.”</SPAN><A href="#_edn9"><SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">[ix]</SPAN></SUP></A><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> How
many doctors and nurses could have been hired in lieu of spending the money on
hospital infrastructure? Just how many lives will be saved? How many lives will
be lost because of the loss of acute care facilities? Who pays, the bottomless
pocket of the taxpayer? Each of the 35 million people in California will need to
pay $3,143 (per capita state and local taxes were roughly $1,600 in 1996).
Are the people of California going to be willing to forfeit three times
their current tax burden? </SPAN><BR><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> </SPAN>
<BR><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">If the benefits (reduction of earthquake
related economic loss or lives lost) don’t outweigh the costs in California, how
can they be justified in the New Madrid Seismic Zone? </SPAN><BR><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> </SPAN> <BR><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> </SPAN> <BR><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Joseph Tomasello, PE</SPAN></B>
<BR><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">5880 Ridge Bend
Rd.</SPAN></B> <BR><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Memphis,
TN 38120</SPAN></B> <BR> <BR><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Phone:</SPAN></B> <BR><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">(901) 761-2016 office</SPAN></B>
<BR><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">(901) 821-4968
direct</SPAN></B> <BR><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">(901)
412-8217 mobile</SPAN></B> <o:p></o:p></P>
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href="#_ednref1"><SUP><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">[i]</SPAN></SUP></A><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> California Heathcare Association Statement on the
Hospital Construction Plan Review and Area Compliance Process before the
California Performance Review Commission, U.C. Riverside, August 13,
2004.</SPAN> <BR><A href="#_ednref2"><SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">[ii]</SPAN></SUP></A><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">
Ibid., 4</SPAN> <BR><A href="#_ednref3"><SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">[iii]</SPAN></SUP></A><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">
Ibid., 41</SPAN> <BR><A href="#_ednref4"><SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">[iv]</SPAN></SUP></A><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">
Ibid., 8</SPAN> <BR><A href="#_ednref5"><SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">[v]</SPAN></SUP></A><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">
Ibid., 30</SPAN> <BR><A href="#_ednref6"><SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">[vi]</SPAN></SUP></A><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">
FEMA 366 Hazus 99 Estimated Annualized Earthquake Losses for the
United States, February 2001, 16</SPAN> <BR><A href="#_ednref7"><SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">[vii]</SPAN></SUP></A><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">
California HealthCare Foundation, The Financial Health of California Hospitals,
June 2007, 2-13</SPAN> <BR><A href="#_ednref8"><SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">[viii]</SPAN></SUP></A><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">
Ibid., (interviews with key unnamed health care leaders), B-6</SPAN> <BR><A
href="#_ednref9"><SUP><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">[ix]</SPAN></SUP></A><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> The Press Democrat, Another hospital falls, what killed
Sutter Medical Center – and what will it mean to families like mine, January 14,
2007</SPAN><TT><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">_______________________________________________</SPAN></TT><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Courier New'"><BR><TT>CEUS-Earthquake-Hazards
mailing
list</TT><BR><TT>CEUS-Earthquake-Hazards@geohazards.cr.usgs.gov</TT><BR><TT>http://geohazards.cr.usgs.gov/mailman/listinfo/ceus-earthquake-hazards</TT></SPAN><o:p></o:p></P></DIV></BODY></HTML>